On October 24, 1929 — “Black Thursday”—a wave of panic selling of stocks（股票）swept the New York Stock Exchange. The Great Depression began. By 1932, thousands of banks and businesses had failed. Industrial production was cut in half, farm income had fallen by more than half, wages had decreased 60 percent, new investment was down 90 percent and one out of every four workers was unemployed.

The Republican president, Herbert Hoover was unable to take measures to deal with the economic collapse. So in the 1932 election, he was defeated by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, who promised “a New Deal for the American people”.

Within the “Hundred Days”, Roosevelt rushed through Congress a number of laws to aid the recovery of the economy. The Civilian Conservation Corps put young men to work in reforestation

(重新造林) and flood.

The Federal Emergency Relief Administration aided state and local relief funds. The Agricultural Adjustment Administration paid farmers to reduce production, thus raising crop prices. The Tennessee Valley Authority built a network of dams in the Tennessee River area to generate electricity and control floods. The National Recovery Administration regulated fair competition among businesses and minimum wages for workers.

The Work Progress Administration (WPA) was one of the most effective of the New Deal measures. Financed by taxes collected by the federal government, the WPA created millions of jobs by undertaking the construction of roads, bridges, airports and other public buildings. It kept workers in the job, thus preserving their skills and their self-respect.

The New Deal programs did not end the Depression. But the economy improved as a result of this program of government intervention (介入).

8. According to the passage, “Black Thursday” refers to the day when .

A. the New York Stock Exchange was shut

B. industrial production decreased

C. the New Deal was issued

D. the Great Depression began

9. The New Deal is a number of laws .

A. to deal with economic problems

B. to help state and local relief funds

C. to aid the workers to finish their stock selling

D. to make young people plant trees and build dams

10. The WPA was an effective measure because .

A. it ensured workers' minimum wages

B. it provided financial aids to workers

C. it preserved workers' skills and self-respect

D. it provided workers jobs of building roads and airports

11. In which section of the newspaper will you properly read this article?

A. Culture B. Economy C. Discovery D. Humanity

D

You watch a sad film and get caught up in your emotions. You cry your eyes out at the dramatic plot — you feel sad for the characters if they suffer, or happy for them when they succeed. It is only when the movie is over that you realize that what you were watching is not real.

But why couldn't you accept that when you were so absorbed in the movie? It was reported in

Science Daily this week that scientists at Case Western Reserve University, US, discovered that people simply can not think emotionally and logically at the same time. Now scientists have found

that thinking logically and emotionally are like the two ends of a seesaw (跷跷板) —when we're busy thinking emotionally, the part of the brain used for cold and hard analysis is suppressed (抑制). And it's also true the other way round.

To come to this conclusion, scientists gathered 45 people — men and women — to take brain

scans as they solved different kinds of puzzles. Scientists found that when participants were doing a math problem, the region in their brain that is associated with logical thinking lit up, and when asked to make emotional decisions, the region for emotional thinking lit up. But the most interesting part is that when asked to solve problems that required both logical and emotional responses, the participants always used one of the regions at a time while the other one went dark.

However, people sometimes ended up using the wrong one. This explains why some people are good at solving complex math problems but have poor social skills and why even the smartest people get taken in by fake but touching stories.

12. The author mentions “watching movies” at the beginning .

A. to prove emotional thinking is the most powerful

B. to introduce the research based on such kind of experience

C. to show that we are easily moved by something that is not real

D. to explain that sometimes we only use emotional thinking

13. Scientists at Case Western Reserve University proved .

A. logical thinking works differently from emotional thinking

B. logical thinking functions more efficiently than emotional thinking

C. logical thinking and emotional thinking take turns to work independently

D. logical thinking and emotional thinking could work well at the same period

14. It can be inferred in Paragraph 2 that____.

A. people can analyze their emotions logically

B. the two ends of a seesaw can not work at the same time

C. when thinking emotionally, people can not look at things logically

D. when people are thinking, the brain can obtain an opposite function

15. What could be the best title for the passage?

A. Don't cry over something unreal B. Movies and Feelings

C. To develop your logic well D. Your Heart vs. Your Mind

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